The bacon Paul Keating prophesied he would bring home with the 1988 budget turned out to be charred gristle. In the lead-up to the October 19, 1987, stockmarket crash, the economy was virtually on fire. The Reserve Bank had resisted raising interest rates until April 1988, and by then it was too late. Australia was headed for a classic "boom and bust". Thus was ensured "the recession that Australia had to have" - Treasurer Keating's lamented phrase of November, 1990.